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Glossary Of Grammar Terms
adjectives Adjectives describe nouns. They answer the questions: which? what kind of? how many? For example: I am reading a good book -- Estoy leyendo un buen libro.
adverbs Adverbs describe verbs.(and sometimes adjectives and other adverbs) - They answer the questions: how? when? where?
adverbial phrase This is a group of words that act like an adverb.
articles Theses are the words a, an, the. (el, la, los, las)
auxiliary verb A second verb that works with and helps the main verb. In the sentence, I am running , am is an auxiliary verb helping the verb running.
comparative This is a form of an adjective. It's used when adjectives are being used to compare 2 things. For example good, better, best.
conjugate This is the practice of putting a verb through all the different forms it can take on. I walk, you walk, he walks - and in past tense: I walked, you walked, he walked.
conjunction This is a word or phrase that connects 2 other words or phrases.
demonstrative Words that demonstrate (point out) like saying: this, that, those - in Spanish este, ese, estos.
gender Used for nouns to say if they're masculine or feminine. In English gender is usually limited to people and animals - (like saying he or she) But in Spanish all nouns have a gender, and this is learned when the noun is learned. For example the word book, el libro, is a masculine noun in Spanish.
imperative A form of a verb used when giving instructions. For example: Come here. - Ven aquí.
infinitive This is the form of verb you find in the dictinary. In English it always has the word to in front of it - for example: to run - and in Spanish it ends in ar, er, or ir - for example: correr.
irregular verb A verb that changes its form away from a standard pattern when conjugated.
noun A word that is a person, place, or thing.
number In a grammatical sense, this refers to if a something is singular or plural.
object This is talking about how words are used in a sentence - the object is the word that has the action happen to it. In the sentence The boy ate the apple. - the apple is the object.
plural More than one of an item.
personal pronoun Words that refer to people like I, you, he, she - and in Spanish yo, tu, Usted, el, ella.
possessive These are words that imply ownership. Such as my(my house), your(your car), his, her - and in Spanish the possessive words are mi(mi casa), tu(tu carro), su.
pronoun These are words that take the place of nouns. So instead of saying My son is smart , if it's understood who you're talking about, you can say He is smart .
preposition These are words that help describe something's location or other information. Examples are on, in, for, around. In Spanish words like por and para are prepositions.
reflexive pronoun These are pronouns that refer to the subject person like myself, yourself. In Spanish me and te.
reflexive verb Reflexive verbs have their action done to the subject of the sentence. You'll see reflexive verbs in Spanish always have se with them - for example larvarse - to wash up.
singular Refering to only one of an item - as opposed to plural for more than one.
subject The part of the sentence that's doing the action.
superlative This is "the best" when doing a comparison of good, better, and best. In other words, it's "the most" of something, whether, best, worst, happiest, saddest, etc.
synonym A word that has the same meaning as another word.
tense A change in the verb to reflect a change in time - past, present, future.
verb These are the action words in a sentence. These are the words that are doing something.
